Active / Passive Verb Forms

Forme

INFINITIF
infinitif actif	to clean (nettoyer)
infinitif passif	to be cleaned (être nettoyé)
passé de l'infinitif	to have cleaned (avoir nettoyé)
passé de l'infinitif passif	to have been cleaned (avoir été nettoyé)

	Simple	Continu
présent	is cleaned	is being cleaned
prétérit	was cleaned	was being cleaned
futur	will be cleaned	will be being cleaned
Present Perfect	has been cleaned	Ne s'emploie pas
Past Perfect	had been cleaned	Ne s'emploie pas

EXEMPLES
Actif	Passif
A sees B	B is seen by A
A is seeing B	B is being seen by A
A saw B	B was seen by A
A was seeing B	B was being seen by A
A has seen B	B has been seen by A
A will see B	B will be seen by A

Notes :

A la forme simple (present simple, past simple, etc.) la forme est 'to be' conjugué + participe passé (c'est-à-dire V-ed), Ex. The car was cleaned yesterday (La voiture a été nettoyée hier).
A la forme continue (present continuous, past continuous, etc.) la forme est 'to be' conjugué + being + participe passé (c'est-à-dire V-ed), Ex. At 9 o'clock this morning, my car was being cleaned (A 9h00 ce matin, on était en train de nettoyer ma voiture).
Avant d'ajouter -ing ou -ed, il faut doubler la consonne finale si les deux conditions suivantes sont remplies:
- le verbe se termine par une seule voyelle suivie d'une seule consonne,
- la dernière syllabe est accentuée, ou il n'y a qu'une syllabe — pour savoir si la dernière syllabe est accentuée ou non, il faut consulter un dictionnaire.
Le complément à la voix active devient sujet à la voix passive — actif: Peter cleaned my car; passif: My car was cleaned by Peter.
A la voix passive, le sujet subit l'action du verbe; si on mentionne l'agent (= sujet à la voix active), il faut l'introduire après le verbe par la préposition by.

Sentences can be active or passive. Therefore, tenses also have "active forms" and "passive forms." You must learn to recognize the difference to successfully speak English.

Active Form :

In active sentences, the thing doing the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing receiving the action is the object. Most sentences are active.

[Thing doing action] + [verb] + [thing receiving action]

Examples:

activeform

Passive Form :

In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally included near the end of the sentence. You can use the passive form if you think that the thing receiving the action is more important or should be emphasized. You can also use the passive form if you do not know who is doing the action or if you do not want to mention who is doing the action.

[Thing receiving action] + [be] + [past participle of verb] + [by] + [thing doing action]

Examples:

Active / Passive Overview

	Active	Passive
Simple Present	Once a week, Tom cleans the house.	Once a week, the house is cleaned by Tom.
Present Continuous	Right now, Sarah is writing the letter.	Right now, the letter is being written by Sarah.
Simple Past	Sam repaired the car.	The car was repaired by Sam.
Past Continuous	The salesman was helping the customer when the thief came into the store.	The customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the store.
Present Perfect	Many tourists have visited that castle.	That castle has been visited by many tourists.
Present Perfect Continuous	Recently, John has been doing the work.	Recently, the work has been being done by John.
Past Perfect	George had repaired many cars before he received his mechanic's license.	Many cars had been repaired by George before he received his mechanic's license.
Past Perfect Continuous	Chef Jones had been preparing the restaurant's fantastic dinners for two years before he moved to Paris.	The restaurant's fantastic dinners had been being prepared by Chef Jones for two years before he moved to Paris.
Simple Future will	Someone will finish the work by 5:00 PM.	The work will be finished by 5:00 PM.
Simple Future be going to	Sally is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight.	A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight.
Future Continuous will	At 8:00 PM tonight, John will be washing the dishes.	At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be being washed by John.
Future Continuous be going to	At 8:00 PM tonight, John is going to be washing the dishes.	At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes are going to be being washed by John.
Future Perfect will	They will have completed the project before the deadline.	The project will have been completed before the deadline.
Future Perfect be going to	They are going to have completed the project before the deadline.	The project is going to have been completed before the deadline.
Future Perfect Continuous will	The famous artist will have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished.	The mural will have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished.
Future Perfect Continuous be going to	The famous artist is going to have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished.	The mural is going to have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished.
Used to	Jerry used to pay the bills.	The bills used to be paid by Jerry.
Would Always	My mother would always make the pies.	The pies would always be made by my mother.
Future in the Past Would	I knew John would finish the work by 5:00 PM.	I knew the work would be finished by 5:00 PM.
Future in the Past Was Going to	I thought Sally was going to make a beautiful dinner tonight.	I thought a beautiful dinner was going to be made by Sally tonight.